| About the book |
A Conceptual History of Psychology is a broad historical survey that traces conceptual continuities and discontinuities in the history of psychological thought. The author connects the history of psychological theory with the development of the history of science, from the proto-scientific psychology of the 17th and 18th centuries to the institutionalized scientific psychology of the late 19th century to the present day. The lucid writing style and clear organization reflect the author's fifteen years' experience teaching the course. |
| Key features |
| About the author |
John Greenwood John D Greenwood was educated at the Universities of Edinburgh and Oxford, and teaches in the departments of philosophy and psychology at City College and the Graduate Center, City University of New York. His many books and articles include Explanation and Experiment in Social Psychological Science (Springer-Verlag, 1989), Realism, Identity and Emotion (Sage, 1994) and The Disappearance of the Social in American Social Psychology (Cambridge University Press, 2004). |
| Table of contents |
CHAPTER I: HISTORY, SCIENCE AND PSYCHOLOGY HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY WHY STUDY THE HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY' Internal and External History Zeitgeist and Great Man History Presentist and Contextualist History Conceptual History of Psychology SCIENCE AND PSYCHOLOGY Objectivity Causal Explanation Empirical Evaluation Atomism Universality of Causal Explanation Ontological Invariance Explanatory Reduction Determinism Experimentation Empiricism Scientific Method PHILOSOPHY AND PSYCHOLOGY Discussion Questions; Glossary: References CHAPTER 2: ANCIENT GREEK SCIENCE AND PSYCHOLOGY GREEK SCIENCE THE NATURALISTS Thales Anaximenes Heraclitus Empedocles The Atomists: Leucippus and Democritus THE FORMALISTS Parmenides Zeno Pythagoras THE PHYSICIANS Acmaeon Hippocrates THE PHILOSOPHERS Socrates Plato ARISTOTLE: THE SCIENCE OF THE PSYCHE Theoretical Science Causality and Teleology Aristotle's Psychology Materialism and Psychological Explanation Sensation, Perception and Cognition Active and Passive Reason Psychology and Teleology Functionalism Consciousness and Vitality THE ARISTOTELIAN LEGACY Discussion Questions; Glossary; References CHAPTER 3: ROME AND THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD THE ROMAN AGE The Hellenistic Period Alexandrian Science Rome and Science Neoplatonism The Decline of the Roman Empire The Fall of the Roman Empire MEDIEVAL PSYCHOLOGY Islam European Recovery: Reason and Faith The Christian Church and Aristotelian Philosophy Medieval Christianity and Science Empiriks Anticipations THE END OF THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD Discussion Questions; Glossary; References CHAPTER 4: THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION RENAISSANCE AND REFORMATION Reformation THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION The Copernican Revolution Galileo and the New Science Andreas Vesalius and the Scientific Revolution in Medicine Francis Bacon and the Inductive Method The Newtonian Synthesis MAN THE MACHINE Rene Descartes: Mind and Mechanism La Mettrie: Machine Man Thomas Hobbes: Empiricism, Materialism and Individualism MENTAL MECHANISM AND STIMULUS-RESPONSE PSYCHOLOGY Discussion Questions; Glossary; References CHAPTER 5: THE NEWTONIAN PSYCHOLOGISTS THE NEWTONIAN PSYCHOLOGISTS Newtonian Science John Locke: The Underlaborer for Newtonian Science George Berkeley: Idealism David Hume: Mental Mechanism David Hartley: The Neurology of Association Sensationalists and Ideologues in France CRITICAL RESPONSES TO NEWTONIAN PSYCHOLOGY Realism and Common Sense Rationalist Reaction Something Completely Different Romanticism TOWARDS A SCIENCE OF PSYCHOLOGY Discussion Questions; Glossary; References CHAPTER 6: PHYSIOLOGY AND PSYCHOLOGY POSITIVISM ASSOCIATIONIST PSYCHOLOGY James Mill: Points of Consciousness John Stuart Mill: Mental Chemistry and Unconscious Inference Alexander Bain: Psychology and Physiology CEREBRAL LOCALIZATION Franz Joseph Gall: Phrenology Pierre Flourens: Experimental Physiology Francoise Magendie: The Bell-Magendie Law Paul Broca: Aphasia Gustav Fritsch and Edward Hitzig: The Excitability of the Cerebral Cortex The Sensory-Motor Theory of the Nervous System EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY IN GERMANY Johannes Muller: Experimental Physiology Emil Du Bois-Reymond: Electrophysiology Hermann von Helmholtz: Physiological Psychology Ivan Sechenov: Inhibition Gustaf Fechner: Psychophysics PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND OBJECTIVE PSYCHOLOGY Discussion Questions; Glossary; References CHAPTER 7: THEORIES OF EVOLUTION EARLY EVOLUTIONARY THEORIES Jean-Baptiste Lamarck: The Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics HERBERT SPENCER: EVOLUTION AS A COSMIC PRINCIPLE Spencer's Theory of Evolution Social Darwinism Evolutionary Psychology Spencer's Impact CHARLES DARWIN: EVOLUTION BY NATURAL SELECTION The Voyage of the Beagle The Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection Darwin's Delay The Reception of Darwin's Theory The Descent of Man Darwin, Racism, and Sexism Neo-Darwinism Darwin's Influence on Psychology FRANCIS GALTON: INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AND EUGENICS Individual Differences Nature and Nurture Eugenics MENTAL EVOLUTION AND COMPARATIVE PSYCHOLOGY Spalding on Instinct George John Romanes: Animal Intelligence Conwy Lloyd Morgan: Morgan's Canon and Emergent Evolution STIMULUS-RESPONSE PSYCHOLOGY Discussion Questions; Glossary; References CHAPTER 8: PSYCHOLOGY IN GERMANY PSYCHOLOGY IN GERMANY BEFORE WUNDT Johann Friedrich Herbart: Dynamic Psychology WILHELM WUNDT: PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY The Leipzig Laboratory Physiological Psychology Experimental Methods Wundt's Psychology Volkerpsychologie Wundt's Legacy Wundt's American Students GERMAN PSYCHOLOGY BEYOND LEIPZIG Hermann Ebbinghaus: On Memory George Elias Muller: The Experimentalist Franz Brentano: Intentionality Carl Stumpf: The Berlin Institute of Experimental Psychology Oswald Kulpe: The Wurzburg School Gestalt Psychology APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY IN GERMANY Discussion Questions; Glossary; References CHAPTER 9: PSYCHOLOGY IN AMERICA: THE EARLY YEARS PSYCHOLOGY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY The Success of Psychology Philosophy and Psychology Applied Psychology JAMES AND MUNSTERBURG AT HARVARD William James Hugo Munsterberg LADD AND SCRIPTURE AT YALE HALL AT JOHNS HOPKINS AND CLARK Johns Hopkins and the New Psychology Clark and Genetic Psychology The American Psychological Association Adolescence and Sex Old Age APPLYING THE WUNDTIAN SKELETON: CATTELL, WITMER, SCOTT AND WOLF James McKeen Cattell: Mental Testing Lightner Witmer: Clinical Psychology Walter Dill Scott: Industrial Psychology Harry Kirk Wolfe: Scientific Pedagogy EDWARD B. TITCHENER AND STRUCTURAL PSYCHOLOGY Structural Psychology Inspection and Introspection Volkerpsychologie and Applied Psychology The Experimentalists Imageless Thought The Eclipse of Structural Psychology SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY Discussion Questions; Glossary; References CHAPTER 10: FUNCTIONALISM, BEHAVIORISM AND MENTAL TESTING THE TURN TO APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY FUNCTIONAL PSYCHOLOGY Baldwin and Titchener on Reaction-Time John Dewey: Purpose and Adaptation James Rowland Angell: The Province of Functional Psychology Social Engineering BEHAVIORISM Background to Behaviorism Animal Psychology Edward B. Thorndike: The Law of Effect Ivan Pavlov: Classical Conditioning John B. Watson: Psychology as The Behaviorist Views It MENTAL TESTING, IMMIGRATION, AND STERILIZATION The Binet-Simon Intelligence Test Goddard And The Feebleminded The First World War and the Army Testing Project Immigration and Sterilization THE STATUS OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY Discussion Questions; Glossary; References CHAPTER 11: NEOBEHAVIORISM, RADICAL BEHAVIORISM, AND THE PROBLEMS OF BEHAVIORISM NEOBEHAVIORISM Logical Positivism Operationism Edward C. Tolman: Purposive Behaviorism Clark L. Hull: A Newtonian Behavioral System RADICAL BEHAVIORISM Operant Conditioning Explanatory Fictions Radical Behaviorism THE SECOND WORLD WAR AND THE PROFESSIONALIZATION OF ACADEMIC PSYCHOLOGY Psychological Contributions to the War Effort The Reorganization of the APA Post-War Expansion PROBLEMS OF BEHAVIORISM Chomsky's Critique of Skinner The Misbehavior of Organisms Contiguity and Frequency Consciousness and Conditioning The Neurophysiology of Learning THE EVE OF THE COGNITIVE REVOLUTION Discussion Questions; Glossary; References CHAPTER 12: THE COGNITIVE REVOLUTION INFORMATION THEORY Claude Shannon: Communication Theory Norbert Wiener: Cybernetics Donald Broadbent: Information Processing Computers and Cognition COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY Jerome Bruner: Higher Mental Processes George Miller: Cognitive Science Strategies, Programs, and Plans Ulric Neisser: Cognitive Psychology The Cognitive Revolution THE COGNITIVE REVOLUTION The Cognitive Revolution as 'Paradigm-Shift' From Intervening Variables to Cognitive Hypothetical Constructs COGNITION AND BEHAVIOR Structuralism and Anthropomorphism The Cognitive Tradition Criticism and Connectionism THE SECOND CENTURY Discussion Questions; Glossary; References CHAPTER 13: ABNORMAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY NEUROSES, ALIENISTS AND PSYCHIATRY THE REFORM OF ASYLUMS MAGNETISM, MESMERISM AND HYPNOSIS FREUD AND PSYCHOANALYSIS Studies on Hysteria Psychosexual Development The Reception of Freud's Theory The Scientific Status of Freud's Theory SCIENTIFIC PSYCHOLOGY AND ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY ECT, LOBOTOMY AND PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY Psychoactive Drugs and Institutional Care The Myth of Mental Illness POST-WAR CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY Clinical Training HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY INTO THE 21ST CENTURY Discussion Questions; Glossary; References CHAPTER 14: SOCIAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY Early German and American Social Psychology Individualistic Social Psychology Social Psychology in the Post-War Period DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY Scientific Psychology and Developmental Psychology Cognitive Development Discussion Questions; Glossary; References EPILOGUE: THE PAST AND FUTURE OF SCIENTIFIC PSYCHOLOGY |
